瑞典斯德哥尔摩大学Martin Jastroch研究组揭示哺乳动物脂肪组织产热的两阶段演化。相关论文发表在2024年6月7日出版的《科学》杂志上。

研究人员表明，有袋类动物（约1.5亿年前从真兽类哺乳动物分化而来）的脂肪组织表达一种非产热性的产热解偶联蛋白1（UCP1）变体，其部分转录组棕色脂肪组织（BAT）特征与真兽类米色脂肪组织中发现的相似。研究人员发现，重建的共同真兽类祖先的UCP1序列显示出典型的产热活性，而正兽亚纲祖先的UCP1则不产热。

因此，哺乳动物脂肪组织产热的演化可能经历了两个不同的阶段，共同正兽亚纲祖先的产热前阶段将UCP1的表达与脂肪组织和热压力联系在一起。研究人员提出，在第二个阶段，UCP1专门在真兽类中获得了产热功能，因此哺乳动物的BAT产热功能是在与有袋动物分化之后才开始的。

据悉，BAT是一种发热器官，它能表达UCP1，从而在冷应激时维持较高体温。BAT产热被认为是哺乳动物的一个重要特征，但其演化起源尚不清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: Two-stage evolution of mammalian adipose tissue thermogenesis

Author: Susanne Keipert, Michael J. Gaudry, Maria Kutschke, Michaela Keuper, Margeoux A. S. Dela Rosa, Yiming Cheng, José M. Monroy Kuhn, Rutger Laterveer, Camila A. Cotrim, Peter Giere, Fabiana Perocchi, Regina Feederle, Paul G. Crichton, Dominik Lutter, Martin Jastroch

Issue&Volume: 2024-06-07

Abstract: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a heater organ that expresses thermogenic uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) to maintain high body temperatures during cold stress. BAT thermogenesis is considered an overarching mammalian trait, but its evolutionary origin is unknown. We show that adipose tissue of marsupials, which diverged from eutherian mammals ~150 million years ago, expresses a nonthermogenic UCP1 variant governed by a partial transcriptomic BAT signature similar to that found in eutherian beige adipose tissue. We found that the reconstructed UCP1 sequence of the common eutherian ancestor displayed typical thermogenic activity, whereas therian ancestor UCP1 is nonthermogenic. Thus, mammalian adipose tissue thermogenesis may have evolved in two distinct stages, with a prethermogenic stage in the common therian ancestor linking UCP1 expression to adipose tissue and thermal stress. We propose that in a second stage, UCP1 acquired its thermogenic function specifically in eutherians, such that the onset of mammalian BAT thermogenesis occurred only after the divergence from marsupials.

DOI: adg1947

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adg1947

期刊信息

Science：《科学》，创刊于1880年。隶属于美国科学促进会，最新IF：63.714

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